Psychiatry disease code qualifying for the group. Registration of disability: in what cases and who has the right to receive it? Material support for people with disabilities

A condition in which a person is unable to carry out all or part of physical, mental or mental activity.

Disability is not only a medical, but also a legal concept, because the establishment of disability is carried out by the relevant state bodies.

Under what conditions and by what criteria is disability determined? What are disability groups and how are these groups assigned? Who determines disability and how? Is there a list of diseases that can cause disability?

The article is devoted to these and some other questions.

Conditions under which disability is established

The function of establishing disability is entrusted to the state bureaus of medical and social expertise. The procedure for determining disability is carried out according to the relevant rules, which are based on the following concepts:

Dysfunctions of the body - the main types

Disability status is determined by the generalized groups of persistent violations of the basic functions of the body, which include:

• mental functions;
• language and speech functions;
• sensory functions (sense organs);
• motor functions;
• functions of blood circulation, blood formation, respiration, digestion, excretion;
• metabolic functions;
• functions of internal secretion;
• immune function.

Also to this list it is necessary to add functional disorders caused by the physical deformity of a person.

Classification of the severity of these violations:

• first degree - insignificant;
• the second is moderate;
• third - pronounced;
• the fourth is pronounced.

The main classes of human life determine its ability:

In describing the limitations of the main classes of vital activity, an indicator is used - the severity of the limitations.

This indicator assesses the deviation from the norm for each class of vital activity, taking into account the biological age of a person.

Self-service ability:

• 1 degree of severity of the restriction - a person spends more time on self-service and at the same time cannot perform some everyday household activities without using aids;
• 3 degree - a person is completely dependent on strangers and needs their constant help.

Ability to move independently:

• 1 degree - a person is able to move independently, but spends more time and effort on it, the distance of movement is reduced, and in some cases it is necessary to use technical means;
• 2 degree - constant partial outside help and the use of auxiliary aids, if necessary, are required;
• 3 degree - a person cannot move independently and needs constant outside help.

Ability to navigate:

Ability to communicate:

• 1 degree - the ability to limited (slow pace and reduced amount of information) independent communication using technical and non-verbal means, in some cases;
• 2 degree - constant partial outside help and the use of technical means, if necessary, are required;
• 3rd degree - a person is completely unable to communicate independently.

The ability to control your own behavior:

• 1 degree - a person from time to time does not control his own behavior, especially in difficult situations, but at the same time, partial independent behavioral self-correction is possible;
• 2 degree - inadequate perception of reality, a person does not control his own behavior, with the possibility of partial behavioral correction, but only with constant outside help;
• 3 degree - a person is completely unable to control his own behavior and he constantly needs outside help.

Ability to learn:

Ability to work:

• 1 degree - a person retains the ability to work under normal conditions, but at the same time, with a decrease in the severity, intensity and volume of work, or a person is not able to work under normal conditions, but can perform low-skilled work;
• 2 degree - a person is able to work only if special working conditions are created for him with the use of appropriate technical means or with outside help;
• 3 degree - a person is completely incapable of any work.

Criteria for defining disability groups

Depending on the severity of disabilities, a person over 18 years old is assigned a disability group (1, 2, 3), and a person under 18 years old is assigned a category “disabled child”.

Disability of group 1 is established based on the combination of the following criteria:

1. A person has a persistent, pronounced dysfunction of the body.
2. The presence of a third degree limitation of one or several classes of human life.

The establishment of the 2nd group of disability occurs when the following criteria are combined:

The establishment of group 3 of disability occurs when the following criteria are combined:

1. A person has a persistent moderately pronounced dysfunction of the body.
2. The presence of a disability of the first degree.
3. The presence of a first-degree limitation of one or several classes of human activity.
4. A person needs social protection, including rehabilitation.

1. Age - up to 18 years old.
2. Disability caused by disease or injury or defect, of any class (multiple classes) and of any degree.
3. The child needs social protection, including rehabilitation.

Deadlines for establishing disability

The period for establishing disability of the 1st group is two years, of the 2nd and 3rd groups - one year. For a “disabled child” - 1 year, 2 years, 5 years, and in some cases - up to 18 years.

At the end of these periods, disabled persons are required to undergo a re-examination in order to confirm or deny disability. If confirmed, the disabled person remains on the previous disability group or a new group is assigned to him.

• disabled men over 60 years old and women over 55 years old (for all groups of disabilities);
• disabled men who must undergo another re-examination after the onset of 60 years (for all groups of disabilities);
• disabled women who must undergo a regular re-examination after the age of 55 (for all groups of disabilities);
• disabled servicemen who have been identified as disabled as a result of injuries and diseases received during military service (for all groups of disabilities).

Perpetual disability can also be established in the presence of certain diseases, which include:

A detailed list of diseases and conditions under which permanent disability is established are presented in the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 20.02.2006 "On the procedure and conditions for recognizing a person as a disabled person."

The procedure for obtaining a disability

Referral for medical and social expertise

The direction can be issued by such institutions:

• medical and prophylactic institution - health care facility (hospital, clinic, clinic);
• institution of social protection;
• body that performs the functions of pension provision.

A healthcare facility can send a person for examination only after diagnosing him with persistent disorders of the body's functions and conducting appropriate treatment and rehabilitation.

The bodies performing the functions of pension provision and social protection have the right to issue a referral to a citizen for examination by the combination of the following conditions:

1. The presence of violations of the basic functions of the body. These violations must be confirmed by medical documents issued by the healthcare facility, in addition, the necessary measures were taken to treat and rehabilitate a person.
2. Restriction of human activity.
3. The need for social protection of a person.

If these institutions refuse to issue a referral to a person, then they are obliged to issue him an appropriate certificate. On the basis of this certificate, a citizen or his representative can themselves apply to the bureau.

Documents for medical and social examination

The bureau's specialists conduct a comprehensive study of the state of the human body (based on the submitted documents and the applicant's examination), while analyzing the clinical, psychological, social, professional and other data of a person.

During the examination, there may be a need for special additional examinations of the applicant. In this case, the bureau specialists make up a detailed program these surveys, about which the applicant is informed. The person undergoing the examination can refuse additional examinations - then the bureau makes a decision based on the available data.

If a disability is established, the person is issued a corresponding certificate, which indicates the disability group and the personal rehabilitation program.

Place of examination

The applicant undergoes an examination at the office at his place of residence or stay.

If a citizen is incapable for health reasons, come to the office, then the examination is carried out at home or in a hospital, or in absentia (in the absence of a citizen) according to the submitted documents.

The local bureau can refer the citizen to the main bureau if additional special examinations are needed.

To appeal the results of the examination (including for the assigned disability group) carried out at the local office, the applicant may apply to the main office with a request for additional examination.

The main bureau can send a citizen to examination by the Federal Bureau, if it is necessary to carry out additional especially complex special examinations.

To appeal the results of the examination (including for the assigned disability group) conducted at the main office, the applicant may apply to the Federal Bureau with a request for additional examination.

Since the number of unhealthy people in the world in general and in our country in particular remains quite large, the awareness of citizens on the topic of what diseases can cause a disability group helps a lot. By the way, for the establishment of disability, it is not so much the diagnosis that is important as the severity of discomfort, body dysfunctions, which do not allow performing any actions in everyday life. Next, we will tell you what criteria are used to determine disability and its group.

General concepts of disability

Mental disorders (here we are talking about intelligence, memory, consciousness, etc.);
- language and speech restrictions (in this case, it is appropriate to mention, for example, dumbness, impaired oral or written speech, etc.);
- failures on the part of sensory functions, that is, when there are disorders of hearing, vision, susceptibility to pain, etc.
- disorders in the motor system, including improper coordination;
- bodily deformity (in particular, some people note deformation or imbalance of body parts)

In addition to these dysfunctions, disability can be assigned in the presence of a somatic ailment. That is, when problems are detected with the circulatory, endocrine systems, heart and blood vessels, or some other internal organs. As for the group and degree of disability, the order of the Ministry of Social Labor of the Russian Federation No. 664n of 09/29/2014 comes into force (this document lists the relevant criteria). Each of the criteria is assessed within the framework of a medical and social examination (MSE), and a percentage is taken relative to the norm.

It is noteworthy that the criteria are the main points related to life. That is, for example, the ability of a person to serve himself independently, to move, communicate, navigate in time and space, control his own actions, work and study. The norm is zero for each item. Based on the results of such a check, that is, depending on the severity of the non-compliance with the norm, disability and its group are prescribed (the latter is a kind of indicator of the severity of the condition).

At the same time, it is important to know that children with disabilities who have health problems from childhood or from birth are not classified into groups (this happens only when they reach a certain age within the framework of re-examination for assigning a group for an indefinite period).

When is the first group of disabilities given?

When is the second group of disability given?

It is noteworthy that quite often the 2nd group is assigned with the right to work, when there is an opportunity to participate in labor activities, despite mental or physical disabilities. To make it clearer, when the second group is relevant, let us name as an example people with epilepsy (genesis may be different). It happens that this disability is attributed to the absence of hearing (partially or completely), in the presence of paralysis (not total or progressive). Cancer patients sometimes find themselves in this category.

When is the third group of disability given?

And when assessing, for example, the ability to navigate in space, experts call a disabled person of 3 groups who is capable of this in a more familiar environment. For example, the group in question can be assigned to a person with cancer that has begun to develop, with renal failure, with low quality of vision, hearing, and so on. Next, we will consider a few questions that will help you better navigate the given topic.

Disability with heart attack or stroke

Drive transport (any);
- engage in high-rise work;
- work night shifts;
- expose yourself to excessive physical activity;
- to experience changes in atmospheric pressure, etc.
- to work in conditions far from favorable.

That is, say, a pilot or a driver after a heart attack will no longer return to the work they were doing before. Therefore, such people are recognized as incapable of work and are given disability. Again, the group is determined by the complexity of the postinfarction state (for example). At the same time, knowledge workers often remain fully able to work, whose stroke or heart attack did not give strong consequences. In this case, disability is not attributed.

But as the basis for assigning the 3rd disability group, they call moderate interruptions in the work of the heart and brain. If they are identified within the ITU, then the group will be given, and there will be no particular obstacles to work. We add that for any group it can be left indefinitely in case of an unfavorable rehabilitation prognosis. To this is also added the impossibility of a cardinal change in activity.

Disabled persons of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the military

Diseases for Perpetual Disability

Cancer neoplasms with metastases;
- inoperable benign tumors of the spinal cord or brain that provoke visual impairment, movement and other functions;
- total incurable blindness;
- complete deafness, when cochlear implantation (meaning hearing endoprosthetics) did not give an effect or was impossible;
- deformation of the limbs (for example, amputation of the shoulder or hip joints), etc.

Note that you can become permanently disabled about a few years after a person was first given the status of "disabled".

Disability and getting it

What diseases give disability- the question is relevant for many, but, unfortunately, does not have an exact answer. Disability is established not by a specific diagnosis, but by the severity of body dysfunctions that prevent a person from performing certain actions in the process of life. How disability is established and what are the criteria for determining groups is detailed in the article below.

What diseases give disability

According to the provision of Article 1 of the Law "On Social Protection of Disabled Persons in the Russian Federation" No. 181-FZ of November 24, 1995, a disabled person is a person who has a health disorder associated with a disorder of the body's functions. Therefore, a specific list of diseases that give the right to disability does not exist - the reason for obtaining it is not the presence of pathology as such, but the organ dysfunctions caused by it, such as:

• mental disorders (intelligence, consciousness, memory, thinking, etc.);
• speech or language disorders (lack of voice production (dumbness), speech or writing disorders, etc.);
• sensory disorders (hearing impairment, visual impairment, as well as various types of sensitivity - pain, tactile, etc.);
• movement disorders (including impaired coordination of movements);
• physical deformity (for example, deformation of body parts or their pathological imbalance).

Important: in addition to the listed dysfunctions of the body, a purely somatic disorder - cardiovascular diseases, pathologies of the circulatory, endocrine systems and other internal organs - can become the basis for assigning one of the disability groups.

The disability group and its degree are determined in accordance with the criteria approved by the order of the Ministry of Social Development of the Russian Federation No. 664n of 09/29/2014. Each of them is assessed in the course of a medical and social examination as a percentage in relation to the norm.

The main categories of life are used as criteria - the ability to serve oneself, move independently, navigate in space and time, communicate, control one's actions, study, work. The norm is considered to be zero for each of the listed items.

Thus, the presence of disability and the degree of its severity (group) are established depending on the level of deviation from the norm in percent.

The first group of disability (disability group 1): a list of diseases, criteria

People with persistent disorders of the body (regardless of the reasons - disease, defect or the consequences of injury), which entailed a deviation from the norm by 90 - 100%, can apply for 1 group of disability. In other words, these are those who, due to their physical characteristics, cannot exist without constant outside help.

A classic example is a vegetative state caused by a stroke or pathologies of the central nervous system. Also, 1 disability group can be assigned to patients suffering from paralysis of the musculoskeletal system, blindness, deafness, etc.

To obtain 1 group, a significant (90-100%) deviation from the norm is sufficient according to one of the established criteria. For example, a complete lack of the ability to learn or control their behavior.

Who is given group 2 disability

For disabled people of the 2nd group, deviations from the norm according to the main criteria are provided at the level of 70 to 80%. That is, a person should be able to perform elementary self-service actions - including partially with the help of other persons or using special technical means (for example, visually impaired or hearing impaired citizens).

Group 2 disability is often assigned with the so-called "right to work", that is, such people, despite the presence of physical (mental) disabilities, may well carry out labor activities.

Don't know your rights?

Example: Disabled group 2 is often recognized as patients suffering from epilepsy of various origins, complete or almost complete hearing loss, progressive partial paralysis. In addition, cancer patients who have undergone chemical or radiation therapy, etc., can fall into this category.

3 group of disabilities (list of diseases)

The dysfunction of the body in this case is quite moderate - it varies in the range from 40 to 60%. The ability to move independently among disabled people of group 3, as a rule, is fully preserved, but for this they need more time than others. The same applies to other criteria of vital activity - for example, when assessing health by the level of availability of the ability to navigate in space, a disabled person of group 3 is defined as a person who is able to do this, but only in a more or less familiar environment.

Example: disability group 3 can be assigned in case of renal failure, the initial stage of the development of malignant tumors, a decrease in the quality of vision or hearing, etc.

Do you give disability (disability group) after a heart attack or stroke

By themselves, the diagnoses "myocardial infarction" or "cerebral infarction" (ischemic stroke), like any others, do not establish disability. The decision of the medical and social commission after such diseases will depend on the patient's condition, the presence of complications, medical prognosis and even on the specialty of the patient.

For example, post-infarction and post-stroke patients are contraindicated in the following types of work activities associated with:

• management of any means of transport;
• night shifts;
• high-rise works;
• work in adverse climatic conditions;
• excessive physical exertion or changes in atmospheric pressure (flight mechanics, stewards, etc.).

In other words, a car driver or a pilot who has suffered a heart attack will no longer be able to return to their usual work, which means they must be recognized as incapable of work, that is, receive a disability. The specific group will depend on the severity of the consequences.

Knowledge workers after uncomplicated heart attack or stroke are often recognized as fully able to work, that is, they cannot qualify for a disability group.

The grounds for assigning the 3rd disability group appear if the medical and social commission reveals minor (moderate) disturbances in the work of the heart or brain, which, in general, do not interfere with the patient's continuation of the usual work.

Important: regardless of the disability group, it can be assigned indefinitely, provided that the rehabilitation prognosis is unfavorable, and the patient does not have the possibility of a radical change in professional activity.

Disabled persons of the Ministry of Internal Affairs (military injury)

The assignment of disability and the determination of its group to employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and military personnel is carried out in a general manner. The difference is the legal side of the issue - the current legislation defines a military injury as an injury sustained in the performance of official (official) duties or as a result of an illness "earned" under the same conditions.

Otherwise, there are no differences - the principles of conducting and summing up the results of a medical and social examination are the same for everyone.

Diseases that give disability indefinitely

An exhaustive list of health defects that give grounds for assigning disability without the need for regular re-examination was approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 07.04.2008 No. 247. The list contains 23 names of defects and disorders, including:

• cancerous tumors with metastases (including recurrence of metastasis after treatment);
• incurable (inoperable) benign formations of the brain (brain and spinal), which caused visual impairment, movement and other body functions;
• complete blindness of both eyes, not amenable to treatment;
• deaf-blindness;
• complete deafness with the impossibility or ineffectiveness of cochlear implantation (hearing endoprosthetics);
• defects, deformities of the limbs (for example, amputation of the shoulder or hip joint), etc.

Important: disability in these cases is granted indefinitely no later than 2 years after the person is recognized as disabled.

A complete list of diseases in which disability is given indefinitely is possible.

How to get a disability

To answer the question of how to get a disability, you should not look for a list of diseases that give the right to this - it simply does not exist. For example, diabetes mellitus - patients with such a disorder of the endocrine system can apply for any of the 3 possible groups of disability, or never get it at all. That is, it all depends on the course of the disease and its consequences.

Disability is assigned based on the results of a medical and social examination, which is carried out by a special commission on the basis of a referral from the attending physician.

If the attending physician refuses to provide such a referral, it is necessary to request an official refusal and contact the clinic administration with it. In case of failure at this stage, the patient has the right to independently send an application for an examination to the medical and social commission.

Disability benefits for children 2019 are social benefits and additional types of assistance that are due to parents whose children have health problems and they have been assigned a certain disability group.

List of diseases for establishing disability in children in 2019

According to the provision of article 1 of the Law "On social protection of disabled people in the Russian Federation" No. 181-FZ on assigning disability to children in 2019, a disabled child is a child who has a health disorder associated with a disorder of the body's functions.

Regardless of what disease the child suffers from and at what stage the development of pathology is, according to this law, in 2019 on the establishment of disability for children, he can receive this category at the age of 18 years if one of these points is fulfilled:

1. There is a permanent disorder of the normal functioning of the body, caused by trauma, childbirth or illness.
2. There is no opportunity to live, move, talk, study, work and perform actions aimed at self-care.
3. There is a need for social protection from the state.

The disability category is assigned not forever, but for a certain period. According to the Federal Law, in Russia disability can be assigned for 1 year, 2 years and 16 years. Then you will need to re-pass the examination in order to confirm the disability. The period when the child belongs to this category of citizens, he has the right to receive a social pension, the amount of which is indexed every year.

• mental disorders;
• disruption of the body's sensory system;
• external physical deformities;
• lack of normal functioning of language and speech;
• violation of body functions associated with the ability to move;
• disrupted work of the digestive system, heart, blood vessels, respiratory, endocrine, circulatory, immune systems;
• diseases associated with impaired urinary function;
• dysfunction of the skin and related diseases.

Disability assignment groups for children according to the Federal Law 2019

At the moment, according to the legislation of the Russian Federation, there are the following categories of disability:

• Group I;
• Group II;
• III group.

First group- one of the most difficult categories for disability. Its appropriation is carried out only in case of severe disruption of the functioning of the human body. As a rule, people with disabilities of group I in their daily life cannot do without the help of other people.

The first group is usually assigned for such violations:

• complete or partial absence of organs of vision;
• hereditary or congenital diseases that severely damage the work of the central nervous system;
• lack of lower limbs;
• hearing damage by 80% or more.

The first group is assigned for other, equally serious diseases.

Disabled group II- these are children who can perform minimal self-care activities without the help of other people, possibly using special equipment. The list of such disorders for which this group can be assigned usually consists of diseases such as:

• cirrhosis of the liver;
• disorders of the organs of vision;
• paralysis of the lower extremities;
• fistula;
• disarticulation of the thigh;
• the presence in the body of one lung or pulmonary insufficiency of the second degree.

Disability group III is often assigned to children who have limitations due to previous illnesses and injuries. In the future, persons belonging to this category of citizens of the Russian Federation will not have special restrictions in their work activities, and will receive salaries at the level of other employees, but they will be entitled to state social assistance and material support. Disabled persons of the 3rd group are considered to be children with the following health problems:

• speech disorders;
• minor mental disorders;
• pulmonary tuberculosis;
• impaired sensory perception;
• minor manifestations of physical deformity.

Assigning disability in 2019 to children with diabetes and clubfoot

In case of disability, children with diabetes mellitus in 2019 can be assigned the first or second group, depending on the severity of the course of the disease. First of all, social assistance and benefits for diabetic children are aimed at providing this category of citizens with all the necessary medicines.

Disability with clubfoot in children in 2019 is assigned to a child based on the presence of defects and deformities of the lower limb. To do this, it is necessary to undergo a medical examination and obtain an opinion from a surgeon and orthopedist. With clubfoot, a child can have a 2 or 3 disability group.

Types of social assistance for disabled children

Disabled children are a special category of children who need care not only from close people and society, but also from the state. Disability payments to a child in 2019 are made to about 550 thousand children who fall into this category of Russian citizens.

In 2019, the Russian Federation provides for the following types of social assistance for disabled children who are citizens of the Russian Federation:

• monthly charges;
• benefits provided by the Labor Code;
• housing benefits;
• transport benefits;
• manuals for ensuring the upbringing and further education of children;
• benefits for treatment, sanatorium rest;
• tax incentives.

According to the law on disability, children are entitled to a social state pension in 2019. For this year, the following amounts of financial assistance to parents or guardians of disabled children have been established:

• disabled persons from childhood of the 1st group - 10,376 rubles per month;
• persons with disabilities from childhood of the 2nd group, as well as citizens who have received a disability of the 1st group - 8 647 rubles per month;
• disabled people of the 2nd group - 4 323 rubles per month;
• disabled persons of the 3rd group - 3,675 rubles per month.

In addition, parents or guardians of children who fall into this category of citizens of the Russian Federation with disabilities, who take care of them, receive material compensation. The amount of such financial assistance is 60% of the official minimum wage.

In addition, persons who are caring for a child are entitled to the following cash payments:

• 5,500 rubles - to a parent or guardian;
• 1,200 rubles - to other categories of persons caring for a child with disabilities.

Benefits for families with disabled children in 2019

Not only pensions in the form of monthly payments are due to citizens of the Russian Federation. Families of children with disabilities in 2019 can count on the following benefits:

• benefits for utility bills - 50%;
• telephone discount - 50%;
• the mother of a disabled child who has not yet reached the age of 16 is entitled to part-time or weekly work;
• the organization has no right to refuse the mother of such children in employment and to understate wages;
• the organization, on its own initiative, has no right to fire the mother of a disabled child;
• one of the parents or guardian is entitled to an additional 4 days off per month;
• free travel in public transport of a city-wide or natural communication;
• a permanent 50% discount on all types of transport, it is valid for the period from October 1 to May 15 of each year;
• the priority right to enroll in a kindergarten, if possible, to attend it for health reasons;
• exemption of parents from paying for kindergarten services;
• the priority right to enroll in a university in case of providing the necessary quotas and successfully passing the entrance exams;
• free receipt of prescription drugs prescribed by the attending physician;
• free receipt of prostheses and other orthopedic products;
• obtaining a sanatorium-resort voucher for a child and one accompanying person.

Establishment and extension of disability for a child in 2019

The establishment and extension of a child's disability in 2019 is handled by a medical and social expert commission - MSEC. The procedure is carried out in one of the following ways:

1. After the diagnosis is made and the course of treatment completed, the doctors themselves recommend the patient's parents to get a disability group and send him to the MSEC.
2. The parents or guardians of the child themselves declare to the attending physician their intention to receive a disability group and ask for a referral for them to undergo MSEC.

Sometimes parents of a sick child who want to get a disability category have to make efforts to convince representatives of the medical commission about the existence of violations of the functioning of the child's body.

To pass the expert medical commission, you must prepare documents from this list:

• Referral of the attending physician to MSEC.
• Original and copy of birth certificate.
• Original and copy of the passport of one of the parents or guardian.
• Original and photocopy of the passport (for persons who have reached the age of 14).
• A certified copy of the employment record of the parents or guardians.
• Outpatient card for the child.
• Extracts from all hospitals where the child was treated, as well as their copies.
• Application for certification.
• Document confirming the place of registration of the child.

Extending a child's disability in 2019 is done in exactly the same way. Parents again collect all the necessary documents and together with the child undergo a medical and social expert commission.

Removal of disability from children in 2019 after the expiration of the term

The removal of disability from children in 2019 takes place automatically after the expiration of the period for which this category was assigned. If the parents or guardians of children who have been granted disability status, for certain reasons, have a desire to remove the child from the register earlier, a medical expert commission is required. During such a procedure, it is important to prove that the child does not have health problems and any restrictions in self-care.