The most common phrases in German. Russian-German phrasebook for tourists (travelers) with pronunciation. Vowels and their combinations

I'm posting it to you guys. phrases for the speaking part of the German exam B1! I'm sure you'll need them!

You don’t need to study the whole list (although it wouldn’t hurt either), just select a few German phrases that you can easily remember and which will immediately sink into your soul! Write these phrases in your notebook or notebook with words/phrases and study =) Then use them when passing oral part of the German language exam B1 level!

Let's go =)….Phrases in German B1

Neue Information kommentieren (comment on new information):

• Ich finde den Artikel (nicht) interessant, weil… — I find the article (not) interesting because...
  Mich wundert, dass…/Mich überrascht, dass…. - I am surprised/amazed by the fact that...
  Ich hätte nicht gedacht, dass.. . - I wouldn't have thought that...
  Es war klar, dass.. . — it was clear/clear that...

Eine Situation kommentieren (comment on the situation):

• Das ist aber peinlich /ärgerlich/unerfreulich! - Still, this is unpleasant/annoying/disappointing!
  Dumm gelaufen! - Down the drain!
  So ein Pech! - What a failure!
  Diese Situation ist mir echt (you can also ziemlich/total) peinlich (or unangenehm). — This situation is really (quite, absolutely) unpleasant for me.
  Das hätte mir auch passieren können! - This could happen to me too.
  Ich finde es gar nicht peinlich, wenn.. . - I think that this is not at all shameful if...
  Das möchte ich nicht erleben! “I wouldn’t want to go through this!”
  Das wäre mir nicht passieren! - It would be better if this didn’t happen to me!
  Es ist lustig, dass… - It’s funny that.../The good thing is that...
  Ist es nicht lustig, dass..? — Isn’t it funny/happy that...?

In Konfliktsituationen richtig reagieren (we react correctly in conflict situations):

sich für ein Missgeschick/für eine Peinlichkeit entschuldigen => To ask forgiveness for any mistake, misunderstanding, embarrassment

• Das wollte ich nicht. - I didn't want this.
  Das ist ( past tense- war) ein Versehen. — This was a mistake/mistake/oversight.
  Das muss ein Missverständnis sein. — It must be a misunderstanding/some kind of mistake.
  Entschuldigen Sie - ein Missverständnis! - Sorry - it's a mistake!
  Ich möchte mich für … entschuldigen. - I would like to apologize for...
  Oh Verzeihung! - Oh sorry!
  Das tut mir leid. - I am so sorry!

Überraschung ausdrücken => Express surprise

• Na so was! — Well, you have to! What are you talking about? Well well!
  Das kann doch nicht wahr sein! - It can not be true! / This can’t be!
  Wirklich? — Is it true? Really?
  So eine Überraschung ! - What a surprise!!
  Was du nicht sagst! - What didn’t you say!?!
  Ist das möglich!!?? - Is this possible??!!

sich vergewissern/nachfragen => make sure/certify/inquire

• Wie meinen Sie das? -What do you mean by this?
  Ich verstehe nicht ganz, was Sie meinen. - I don’t really understand what you mean.
  Wo liegt das Problem? - What is the problem?
  Was für ein Problem gibt es? — What's the problem?
  Könnten Sie mir das genauer erklären? — Could you explain this to me more precisely/in more detail?
  Habe ich Sie richtig verstanden? — Did I understand you correctly?
  Ich bin nicht sicher, ob ich Sie/dich richtig verstanden habe. - I'm not sure if I understood you / you correctly.
  Ich hoffe, dass ich dich richtig verstanden habe. - I hope that I understood you correctly.

Seine Meinung ausdrücken (expressing our opinion):

• Ich denke (nicht), dass. .. - I do not think that…
  Ich finde (nicht), dass.. . - I don’t / think that...
  Ich glaube, dass... - I suppose that…
  Meiner Meinung nach… - In my opinion (my opinion) / In my opinion / from my point of view...
  Ich bin mir (nicht) sicher,…. - I'm not/sure that...

Jemandem zustimmen (we agree with someone):

• Da bin ich ganz deiner/Ihrer Meinung. — Here I completely share your/your opinion. I completely agree with your point of view.
  Das stimmt. — It's right.
  Da hast du Recht. — Here you are right.
  Da haben Sie Recht. - You're right.
  Das sehe ich auch so. — I also think/I also look at it.
  Ganz genau! / Na klar! - Exactly! / Of course! Well, yes!

Jemandem widersprechen (we contradict anyone):

• Ich bin nicht ganz deiner/Ihrer Meinung. - I don’t completely agree with you. I don't entirely agree with your opinion.
  Das ist nicht ganz richtig. - This is not entirely correct.
  Da stimme ich dir/Ihnen nicht zu. - I don’t agree with you here.
  Das sehe ich nicht so (wie du/Sie). — I don't think like you/you. I do not think so.
  Das kann man so nicht sagen. — You can’t say that./They don’t say that.

Vermutungen äußern (to express assumptions):

• Vermutlich geht es um… - We are probably talking about...
  Ich vermute, dass…. - I assume that...
  Es könnte um…gehen . - It could be about...

Über Vorteile und Nachteile sprechen (to talk about the pros and cons):

Pro => For

• Das Wichtigste ist für mich, dass… - For me, the most important thing is that...
  Es ist positiv, dass.. . - It's good that…
  Ein Vorteil der EU ist, … — The advantage of the EU is that...
  Für die EU spricht… — Testifies/speaks/speaks in favor of the EU....

Contra => Against

• Ich finde nicht akzeptabel, dass... - I don't think it's acceptable that...
  Im Text wird kritisiert, dass… — The text criticizes/denounces the fact that...
  Ein Nachteil der EU ist,.. . — The disadvantage of the EU is...
  Gegen die EU spricht… — They speak out/testify against the EU...

Über Fotos und Erinnerungen/ über ein Bild sprechen (Talk about photos, memories, pictures):

• Das Foto a/b … zeigt… — Photo a/b shows...
  Ich erinnere mich (nicht) an…. — I (not) remember/remember/remember...
  Daran erinnere ich mich nicht. - I don’t remember about this/that.
  Ich erinnere mich sehr gut an.. . - I remember quite well about...
  Ich habe Foto “A” gewählt, weil… — I chose photo A because...
  Das Bild "B" zeigt… — Picture “B” shows...
  Für mich bedeutet Bild “A”, dass… — For me, picture “A” means that...
  Wenn ich Bild "C" sehe, denke ich an.. . — When I see picture “C”, I think about...

Über den Stress sprechen (talk about stress):

• Ich habe zu viel Stress. - I have too much stress.
  Ich habe keinen Stress . - I don't have stress.
  Ich bin gestresst. — I'm stressed.
  …. ist für mich Stress. - ... it’s stressful for me.
  …ist/sind ein bisschen nervig. — ….a little annoying/nervous.
  … macht/machen mich wahnsinnig! - … drives me crazy!
  Ich ärgere mich sehr oft über… - I’m very angry about.../I’m very annoyed....
  Es stört mich, dass/wenn… - What worries me is that.../if...
  Es macht mich nervös, wenn/dass… - It makes me nervous if.../that...
  total fertig sein — absolutely tired/exhausted/nervous

Ratschläge geben (give advice):

• Du solltest mal wieder.. . - You should again...
  Du könntest. ..- You could…
  Meine Mutter findet, ich sollte.. .. - My mother thinks that I should...

Regionen / Orte beschreiben (to describe regions and places):

• Die Stadt liegt zwischen den Flüssen… — The city is located between the rivers...
  Die Stadt liegt 70 km Ostlich von… — The city is located 70 km east of...
  Die Stadt liegt in der Nähe von.. . — The city is located near/not far from...
  Die Stadt liegt südlich von.. . — The city is located south of...
  Die Stadt liegt nordwestlich von… — The city is located in the northwestern part of...
  Die Stadt liegt bei... - The city is located at/near/close to smb.
  Die Stadt liegt im Bundesland Sachsen-Anhalt . — The city is located in the federal state of Saxony-Anhalt.

Über Wünsche und etwas Irreales sprechen (to talk about desires and something unreal):

• Ich hätte gern mehr Zeit und weniger Arbeit. “I wish I had more time and less work.”
  Wenn ich doch nach München ziehen könnte! - Oh, if only I could move to Munich!

Über die Schule sprechen (talk about school):

• Ich bin 11 Jahre zur Schule gegangen. — I went to school for 11 years.
  Meine Lieblingsfächer waren Sport und Geschichte. — My favorite school subjects were sports and history.
  In Deutschland ist die "Eins" die beste Note.— In Germany, “1” is an excellent rating.
  Bei uns dauern die Sommerferien sechs Wochen. — Our summer holidays last 6 weeks.
  Schulsozialarbeiter beraten Schüler, Lehrer und Eltern. — School social workers advise/help with advice to students, teachers and parents.
  Viele Lehrer arbeiten auch am Wochenende. — Many teachers also work on weekends.

Über das Wetter berichten (to report/talk about the weather):

• Vor Gewitter habe ich große Angst. - I'm very afraid of thunderstorms.
  Ich habe mal einen Sturm erlebt. Das war im Jahr… — I once survived a storm. It was in...year.
  Ich habe mal ein Erdbeben erlebt. — Once I survived an earthquake.
  Ich erinnere mich an einen trockenen Sommer / an die Hochwasser. — I remember the dry summer/flood.
  2005 hatten wir ein Hochwasser. — In 2005 we had a flood.
  Ich erinnere mich an ein Erdbeben im Jahr 1998. — I remember in 1998 there was an earthquake.
  Einmal bin ich in einen Schneesturm gekommen. — One day I was caught in a blizzard/snowstorm.
  Die Temperaturen steigen, weil... - Temperatures are rising because...

Über Migration sprechen (about migration):

• Die Menschen verlassen ihr Land, weil… — People leave their country because...
  Sie sind unzufrieden mit..., deshalb... - They are not happy... so...
  Sie haben Angst, dass... - They are afraid that...
  Das grösste Problem ist wahrscheinlich … “Perhaps the biggest problem is that...
  Die Sprache ist für meisten Migranten das grösste Problem . — Language is the biggest problem for most migrants.
  Am Anfang haben viele Angst, Fehler beim Sprechen zu machen. — In the beginning, everyone is afraid of making mistakes in a conversation.
  Viele Migranten hoffen auf ein besseres Leben im Ausland. — Many migrants hope for a better life abroad (in another country).

Über Politik sprechen - kommentieren (about politics - we comment):

• Ich finde, dass Politiker zu viel reden und zu wenig handeln. — I believe that politicians talk too much and do too little.
  Ich finde, Politiker sollten mehr/weniger… — I believe that politicians should do more/less...
  Ein Problem, das man schnell lösen müsste, ist… — The problem to be solved is...
  Das wichtigste Ziel der Politik sollte…sein. — The overriding goal of policy should be… .

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If you are going to visit Germany on a friendly visit, you need to prepare in advance. You can start learning German on your own, buy a phrase book, memorize basic phrases, or ask a teacher for help. If you have a lot of time left, then you should take the matter seriously; it’s not easy in a foreign country without knowing the language.

Where should you start learning?

So, it’s wise to start with the following points:

• Introduction to the German alphabet and the rules of pronunciation of sounds and words;
• Learning basic verbs and commonly used words;
• Familiarity with grammar and rules for constructing sentences;
• Pronunciation training, getting used to the sound of German speech using music, films and programs;
• Reading books, magazines and adapted material from translations;
• Communication with native speakers and other students to consolidate the results obtained.

Begin! The first successes can be made after 2-3 weeks of training, and you can start talking to a German and exchange a few phrases by the end of the first month. The main thing is to start studying so that before the trip you have time to systematize the information received in your head!

With intensive and regular training, you can begin to speak and understand your interlocutor within a couple of months. Of course, at first there will be banal everyday simple phrases: greetings, questions, requests, words to keep the conversation going. Then the vocabulary will expand to 1000-1500 concepts, you will even be able to discuss some events. In everyday life, excluding highly specialized terms at work, the average German resident uses about 2000-2500 different words.

To travel to a country to see the sights and relax, the following basic groups of words are enough:

Greetings and farewells;

Phrases for finding a road: directions, street names;

Necessary phrases for airports, railway stations and public transport;

Necessary phrases for cafes or shopping in stores;

Phrases for emergency situations;

Words to express regret and gratitude;

Expressions for keeping a conversation going.

For a comfortable stay, 100 phrases are enough – that’s about 300-500 words. It’s not enough to learn them, practice pronouncing them correctly so that your interlocutor understands you. You also need to prepare for the expected answers - asking for directions and not understanding the answer will be a very unpleasant discovery. To be on the safe side, you can take a phrasebook to find the right phrase, but you shouldn’t rely on it, it’s difficult to maintain a conversation and look for information in a book.

Phrases for greetings and farewells

Germans are kind and polite people, slightly reserved, and they need good reasons for close communication or invitations to visit. On the street or in a public place, they will gladly come to the aid of someone in need. First, you should learn greeting and conversation starter phrases.

It is customary to say “Hello” and “Bye” to people you know closely and peers. In German the phrases would look like this: “Hallo!” and “Tschüs!”, but they sound “Halo!” and “Chus!” When talking with a stranger or an interlocutor who is clearly older than you, you should use a standard politeness phrase:

• Grüss Gott!(Grus Goth) - Hello!
• Guten Morgen/Tag/Abend!(guten morgen/tak/abent!), which translated means Good morning/afternoon/evening!
• Auf Wiedersehen!- the most common phrase when saying goodbye, an analogue of our “Goodbye!” and it reads “auf wiedersein”.
• Bis bald/morgen/später!(bis balt/morgen/spate) – “See you soon/tomorrow/meeting!”

Phrases are appropriate in any situation, whether you know the interlocutor or not, they will be a manifestation of politeness.

• Gute Nacht!(gute nakht!) literally translates as “Good night!”, sometimes used by familiar people when saying goodbye.
• Alles Gute!(ales gute!) The meaning of the phrase is “Good luck!” or “All the best!”, and its meaning does not change depending on the intonation, as in the Russian language.

Understand! Germans speak very emotionally, in contrast to their coldness and stiffness. Sometimes they seem to express indignation or anger, but in most cases it turns out that this is how the words sound in German. You need to understand that Germans are quite cultured and will not be rude to a stranger without reason.

There is one more phrase, it can also be used when ending a conversation, it is hardly suitable for communicating with strangers - “Viel Glück!” Literally translated as a wish of good luck, or “Happy!”

What you need to keep a conversation going

The Germans are polite and cultured; after greeting you, they will most likely ask you how you are doing or inquire about your health. The phrase goes something like this:

• Wie geht es Ihnen? (vi gate es inen?), they thank you in response and ask counter questions. Like that:
• Danke, gut Und Ihnen? (danke, gut und inen?), which means “Thank you, everything is fine! And you?"

In German there are 2 forms of the word “Sorry”. To attract the attention of the interlocutor, they say “Entschuldigung”, it looks complicated, but it sounds “entschuldigung”. And if you want to apologize for the inconvenience, then the phrase will sound slightly different - Entschuldigen Sie “entschuldigen zi”.

Remember! The complexity of the German language is word formation; sometimes a word can consist of several parts. Remembering this approach is quite difficult, it will take time.

If you still find it difficult to express yourself in German, you can tell your interlocutor that you do not understand him well and ask if he speaks another language. “Spreche ich deutsch nicht” translates to “I don’t speak German.” You can find out about other languages ​​using the phrase:

• Sprechen Sie Russisch/Englisch? (sprechen zi russish/English?), if the interlocutor answers “I” (Ja), you can safely switch to a language more familiar to you.

Useful words at the airport and train station

Arrival in Germany involves passing through customs control at the border or at the airport. As in any other country, here it is better to clearly answer the questions left and try not to say too much. Customs officers may not understand Russian humor, and it will be quite difficult to overcome the language barrier if there is a misunderstanding with government officials.

For your information! At every airport in Germany, as well as at large railway stations, you have the opportunity to ask for help if the problem has gotten out of control and you and the employee no longer understand each other. “Ich brauche einen übersetzer” phrase means that you need a translator.

You may be asked about the purpose of the visit, whether you have all the necessary documents, whether you have filled out a declaration, whether you have permission to import items of luggage, and so on. If you memorize the phrases from the sign, it will not be difficult for you to pass customs control.

At the railway station, questions may arise regarding the location of luggage, orientation in the room, calling a taxi, etc. Even without knowing the correct wording of the desired phrase, there is no need to panic and get upset. Template expressions will come to your aid; using them you can easily explain the problem to station representatives. At the information desk you can find out the information you need: about train schedules, required documents, ticket prices, location of luggage storage, taxi ranks and exits to the city.

By the way, the Germans are friendly people, when they understand that you are a foreigner and you need help, they will be happy to help, and with the presence of translators in smartphones and tablets, you can even start a conversation that is understandable to both.

If you need to order something or buy something in a store

In a cafe or restaurant where you need to place an order, you will need a few basic phrases to ask for the menu and the bill, as well as find out the cost of the dishes:

• Wir hätten gern die Karte– we would like to receive a menu.
• Können Sie mir etwas empfehlen?– Can you recommend something to me?
• Das habe ich nicht bestellt!– this is not my order/I did not order this dish.
• Wir möchten bitte bezahlen!/Die Rechnung bitte!- We would like to pay!/Bring the bill, please!
• Stimmt so!- No change needed!

By the way, recently it has become common to call waiters simply “Entschuldigung!” (Sorry!), but most often they come up on their own and address visitors with the phrase:

• Was kann ich Ihnen anbieten?- What can I offer you?
• Or, Was nehmen Sie?– What will you order?

When buying something in a store, you will need to know the cost, expiration date, change amount and other little things. Trying on clothes will require you to know the sizes translated into German or European.

On the street - phrases in German for finding your way

If you move around a German city by taxi or public transport, you will sometimes have to ask for directions or correct the driver's direction. You need to learn phrases to address people on the street and the police. The basis of all expressions of this kind:

• Wo befindet sich…/Ich suche…(in befindet zikh.../ikh zuhe...) – where is.../I’m looking for...
• die Apotheke(di apoteke) - ... pharmacy;
• die Kaufhalle(di kauf-halle) - ... store;
• polizeirevier(policeman Revere) - ... police station;
• eine Bank(aine bank) - ... bank;
• mein Hotel(mein hotel) - ... hotel;
• das Postamt(yes postmark) - ... mail.

All the necessary phrases for communicating with public transport and taxi drivers will be enough for you:

For tourists in large cities in Germany, there are many explanatory and guiding signs; on them you can read the information you need, for example, where the toilet is located, or in which direction the square is located. Warning signs in public places are duplicated in English. It is more familiar to our eyes, but you also need to know the German symbols well.

Phrases for hotel or hotel

Upon arrival in the country, you will need to stay somewhere, most likely you will need a hotel or a hotel. Large and famous establishments have a translator, but medium and cheap establishments will meet you with German staff. And you will have to explain your wishes in their native language or with gestures. It's unlikely that everyone will get what they want.

For productive communication with staff, 15-20 phrases will be enough for you:

German phrases for emergencies

On good trips and successful trips, such phrases do not need to be used. But situations are different and you need to know them. At a minimum, so as not to look in the phrasebook for how to call a doctor if someone urgently needs help. It is enough to learn a few things to be able to call the police or doctors at the right time.

Important! Every country has intelligence service phone numbers that you can call even if you don’t have access to a mobile network. You can find them at the hotel reception, at customs or at the information desk.

Situations with money at an exchange office or bank also require understanding, so that an incident does not result from a misunderstanding with employees.

What do you need to visit a foreign country?

In addition to a camera, money and personal belongings, you will definitely need:

• Detailed map of the city;
• Russian Embassy telephone numbers;
• Numbers of special services and codes for calling them from a cell phone;
• Russian-German phrasebook in case of an unforeseen situation;
• Positive attitude and good spirits;
• “Reinforced concrete” knowledge of basic politeness words and the ability to use them.

• Nice retreat! Declaring love in German is quite simple, the phrase is simple - “Ich liebe dich”, sounds like “ich liebe dich”.

To summarize, let us recall the main words for communication in any country and in any language:

• "Thank you!" in German it sounds like “Danke” or “Danke schön!”
• "Please!" will be "Bitte" or "Bitte schön!"
• "I'm really sorry!” can be expressed in the words “Es tut mir leid!”
• "Nice to meet you!" in German it sounds important and weighty - “Schön, Sie kennenzulernen!”
• "Be healthy!"- “Gesundheit!”, regardless of nationality and traditions, a wish for health from the heart will always be accepted by the interlocutor with pleasure.

It is these little things that often help tourists out on the streets of a foreign city, and when combined with common sense, a well-developed route and learned basic phrases, they will allow you to get maximum pleasure from your trip.

duration: 30 minutes

In this section you will find the 400 most common phrases. They will help improve your speaking, reading and writing skills. If you remember the entire list, it will be easier for you to start a conversation and understand what was answered. After completing this page, please visit: phrases 2, phrases 3, phrases 4. You will spend 30 minutes on this lesson. To listen to the word, please click on the Audio icon . If you have any questions regarding this course, please contact me by email: Learn German.

more phrases

After completing this page, please visit:

Discreet and pedantic Germany, a country that millions of people from all over the world dream of visiting, at least for a week. There is everything for a great time here. Ski resorts, nightclubs, great restaurants, pubs and luxury hotels. Also in Germany there is a huge number of medieval buildings and other architectural monuments.

But knowing the German language, you will enjoy a tour of this country even more, or you can simply download a Russian-German phrasebook if you cannot master this language.

Our phrasebook can be printed directly from the site or downloaded to your device, and all this is completely free. The phrasebook is divided into the following topics.

Appeals

Common phrases

At customs

At the station

At the hotel

Walk around the city

In transport

In public places

Emergencies

Numerals

In the shop

Tourism

Greetings - the Germans are very friendly and welcoming people, and therefore you also need to know how to greet the inhabitants of Germany. Here are the words needed for this.

Standard phrases are common words that you can use during any conversation to keep it going.

Station - if you are confused by the signs and signs at the station, or don’t know where the toilet is, a buffet, or you need a platform, just find the question you need in this topic and ask a passerby how to get to this or that place.

Orientation in the city - in order not to get lost in the big cities of Germany, use this topic to find out from passers-by whether you are going in the right direction, etc.

Transport – if you don’t know how much the fare costs or want to find out which bus to get to your hotel or some attraction, find the questions you are interested in in this topic and ask them to passing Germans.

Hotel – a large list of useful questions and phrases that are often used during a hotel stay.

Public places - in order to clarify where the object or public place you are interested in is located, just find a suitable question in this topic and ask it to any passerby. Rest assured that you will be understood.

Emergency situations - it is unlikely that anything can happen to you in calm and measured Germany, but such a topic will never be superfluous. Here is a list of questions and words that will help you call an ambulance, the police, or simply tell others that you feel unwell.

Shopping – want to buy something you are interested in, but don’t know what its name sounds like in German? This list contains translations of phrases and questions that will help you make absolutely any purchase.

Numbers and figures - every tourist should know their pronunciation and translation.

Tourism – tourists often have all sorts of questions, but not everyone knows how to ask them in German. This section will help you with this. Here are the most necessary phrases and questions for tourists.

If you are planning a trip to Germany, Austria or Switzerland, a Russian-German phrasebook, which contains frequently used words and expressions in German, will be very useful for ease of communication. The phrasebook is compiled taking into account pronunciation, which will make your communication convenient and enjoyable. But the main place of distribution still remains Germany, where the German language...

Travel phrasebook

If you are planning a trip to Germany, Austria or Switzerland, a Russian-German phrasebook, which contains frequently used words and expressions in German, will be very useful for ease of communication. The phrasebook is compiled taking into account pronunciation, which will make your communication convenient and enjoyable. But the main place of distribution still remains Germany, where German is the only state language.

The Federal Republic of Germany is located in Central Europe. Population – 82 million people. Territory with an area of ​​357,021 square meters. km. Capital – . Germany is washed by the Baltic and North Seas. The northern border is s, the eastern border is s and the southern border is s, and. Western – and. Modern Germany is a rapidly developing industrial country with a powerful economy. Orderly and neat Germany means the best service, hearty cuisine, well-maintained cities.

See also “”, with which you can translate any word or sentence into German (or vice versa).

Greetings

Standard phrases

Railway station

Passport control

Orientation in the city

Transport

Hotel

Public places

Emergencies

Purchases

Numbers and numbers

Tourism