A killer year. Biography American newspaper report on the death of Sklyansky

Main dates of life and activity 1723 Born in the city of Kirkcaldy in Scotland 1737 Entered the University of Glasgow 1740 Entered Oxford 1759 Published his first work “The Theory of Moral Sentiments” 1765 Became a mentor to the Duke of Buccleuch, whom he accompanied on a trip to

Main dates of life and activity 1818 Born in Trier 1830 Entered the gymnasium 1835 Entered the university 1842 Began collaborating with the Rhenish Gazette 1843 Married Jenny von Westphalen 1844 Moved to Paris, where he met Friedrich Engels 1845 Organized

Key dates of life and activity 1837 Born in Hartford 1862 Founded the J. P. Morgan & Co bank in New York 1869 Became vice president of the Albany & Sascuehanna railroad 1878 John Morgan's bank financed Thomas Edison's project 1892 Founded General Electric 1901 Acquired Carnegie Steel from

Key dates of life and activity 1839 Born in the city of Richford in the USA 1855 Got a job at Hewitt & Tuttle 1858 Together with Maurice Clark, founded the Clark & ​​Rockefeller company 1864 Married Laura Spellman 1870 Founded the Standard Oil company 1874 Only born son and

Main dates of life and activities 1848 Born in Paris, where his family lived in exile 1858 Return with his family to Italy, to Turin 1870 Graduated from the Turin School of Engineering and Technology and went to work for a railway company in Florence 1874 Moved to

Main dates of life and work 1880 Born in the Yaroslavl province 1899 Entered Kiev University, but did not graduate 1902 Began his studies at the Munich Polytechnic Institute 1911 Graduated from the Faculty of Law of Kyiv University 1913 Became a teacher

Key dates of life and work 1883 Born in Cambridge, in the family of a university professor and writer 1897 Entered Eton College 1902 Entered King's College, Cambridge University 1906 Entered civil service in the Ministry

Key dates of life and activities 1890 Born in the city of Logan in the USA 1908 Dropped out of Brigham Young College 1912 After the death of his father, took over the family business 1913 Married May Young 1916 Organized the Eccles Investment Company 1933 Participated in the creation of the emergency law on

Main dates of life and activity 1892 Born in the Kostroma village 1911 Entered the Imperial St. Petersburg University 1917 Became Deputy Minister of Food of the Provisional Government and elected a member of the Constituent Assembly 1920 Headed

Key dates of life and work 1894 Born in London 1911 Entered Columbia University 1914 Graduated from university and went to work at the brokerage firm Newburger, Henderson & Loeb 1920 Became a partner and co-owner of Newburger, Henderson & Loeb 1925 Founded the Benjamin Foundation Graham

Key dates of life and work 1896 Born in Lynn 1917 Graduated from Harvard University 1928 Founded the Pioneer Fund mutual fund, which became one of the most successful in the world 1930 Carret’s most famous book, “The Art of Speculation,” was published 1963 Founded Carret &

Main dates of life and work 1899 Born in Vienna 1917 Participation in the First World War 1918 Entered the University of Vienna 1923 Trained at Columbia University 1926 Married Helen Fritsch 1924 Organized with Ludwig von Mises the Institute for Business Studies

Main dates of life and work 1905 Born in Munich, three weeks later was baptized in St. Petersburg 1925 Graduated from Leningrad University 1927 Invited to the Institute of World Economy at the University of Kiel 1928 Defended his doctoral dissertation at the University of Berlin

Almanac "Bogorodsky region" N 1 (2002)

MEMORIES. DIARIES

MEMORIES OF V.P. NOGINA

N.I. Lebedev

The political career of Viktor Pavlovich Nogin, “one of the most prominent and serious representatives of the center of the RSDLP” (according to intelligence data from the Okhrana Department), collapsed on November 1, 1917, when he resigned from the Council of People’s Commissars and the Central Committee in protest against the establishment of a one-party dictatorship. Subsequently, he was engaged almost exclusively in economic work. After his death in Moscow in 1925, a collection of memoirs about him, “Textile Workers in Memory of V.P. Nogina,” one of whose articles we are reprinting on the eve of the 125th anniversary of the man whose name, willingly or unwillingly, has been borne by Bogorodsk for more than 70 years.

The author of the memoirs is N.I. Lebedev was one of the leaders of the Central Committee of the All-Russian Trade Union of Textile Workers, and was a member of the board of the All-Russian Textile Syndicate. Judging by the language of the memoirs, their author is not a technical “specialist”, like his namesake A.A. Lebedev (head of the Cotton Committee), but rather a party or trade union functionary. Mentioned in the text by B.P. Pozern (1882-1939) - old Bolshevik, participant in the Civil War, since 1921 in economic work.

M. S. Drozdov

V.P. Nogin began his labor and revolutionary activities in textile factories, among the textile proletariat.

While still a fifteen-year-old teenager, he entered the Bogorodsko-Glukhovskaya manufactory as an office boy. Then in 1896 he moved to Leningrad to the Pal factory. The life of a textile worker was difficult and hopeless back then. The tsarist government, in alliance with the capitalists, turned the factory into both a barracks and a place of the most merciless exploitation. The naturally richly gifted nature of the future “Makar” (illegal party nickname of V.P.) could not come to terms with this situation, and he, despite the fact that work at the factory promised him relatively tolerable prospects (he could be a craftsman or a chemist), in 1897 contacts revolutionary circles and organizes strikes directed against the reigning oppression. For this, at the time of the strike, he falls into the clutches of the tsarist gendarmes, they hide him in prison for a year, and then into exile under police supervision. From that time on, he broke away from the textile industry and devoted himself entirely to revolutionary work, subjecting himself to countless arrests and exiles for it. But, being cut off from the textile industry, he took an active part in organizing the Moscow textile workers' union, and then at the first regional conference. In this work V.P. already known to us under the party nickname “Makara”. He is present at the conference as a representative of the Bolshevik faction of the RSDLP, and as such directs the work of the conference in the spirit of its tactics and slogans.

Now, looking through the brief minutes of this conference, it is clear that then V.P. was well acquainted not only with the life, way of life, working conditions and the state of the organization of textile workers, but also knew very well the strength of their opponents, the manufacturers. Here is what he said, by the way, when discussing the question of the strike: “Inadequacy of wages is a topical issue. There is not enough money for essential products, the prices of which are rising. How to deal with this?.. We must remember that the owners have already organized themselves. They must not take us by surprise. Remember the charter of their union”... etc. From these few words it is clear that it was not without reason that the SDP instructed V.P. representation at this conference. He knows how to assess the situation, knows how to take into account all the conditions that speak for and against one or another solution to the issue.

How strong the influence of V.P. was in this conference can be judged by the fact that, despite the enormous dominance in the then unions of the Mensheviks, who, as is known, stood for “neutrality,” a resolution was passed on the need for complete coordination of the actions of economic and political organization of the working class, i.e. trade unions and the RSDLP. Thus, here Comrade Makar, at the very dawn of the textile workers’ trade union movement, helped them find a real path for further development and thereby protect it from the corrupting ulcer of opportunism and reformism.

But here V.P. I didn't have to work very long. He was again separated from the textile workers by the tsarist secret police and then by revolutionary work until 1918.

This new return of his coincided precisely with the moment of nationalization of industrial enterprises and during the most difficult period of their existence.

Lack of fuel, raw materials, working capital, continued sabotage on the part of technical personnel, the height of the civil war, which separated the best forces of the workers, etc. - such was the picture of the situation. At the time, the textile industry was headed by Centrotextile, organized shortly after the October Revolution. An institution that was necessary at first, but then, due to its cumbersomeness, turned out to be unadapted to new tasks. Factories were threatened with death from freezing and plunder. The factory owners, and where they fled, their confidants, did everything possible, even to the point of attracting less class-conscious workers to their side, in order to strengthen this condition. To get at least some way out of the situation, a firm hand was needed, one that could not only stop further deterioration, but also gather everything capable of creative work and direct this work. Such a stopping and guiding hand was the hand of V.P. Here is a certificate of his arrival:

12/IX 1918 The Supreme Economic Council decided to approve the Tsentrotekstil board. The members are: Kiselev, Rudzutak, Okun, Mashkovich, Markhlevsky, Rykunov, Ozol. Candidates: Nogin, Syrtsov, Nazarov, Balyasnikov. From this certificate it is clear that V.P. did not first come to Glavtekstil for a leadership position. But that didn't bother him. It's not a matter of rank or the chair in which a person is seated. V.P. was thinking about the matter, not about this.

He began his work with what factory and in what order should be nationalized, how to organize the management of these nationalized enterprises, how to protect factories from theft and death from freezing. Here the idea of ​​organizing “bushes” appeared - the predecessors of the currently existing trusts. To implement the idea that formed the basis for the organization of these clusters and, as is known, converged to ensure that all enterprises included in this or that cluster, taken together, would represent, as it were, one whole combined enterprise, a more or less accurate acquaintance with these enterprises required knowledge of their mutual production connections with each other. Meanwhile, there were no materials or any indications of all this. The gentlemen factory owners kept their secrets secret and, of course, they did not intend to pass them on to the revolutionary workers. The majority of specialists did the same.

And this is where V.P. turned around and showed himself like a real owner. Now, after seven years from that time, I can’t imagine how it is possible to know so thoroughly almost every even somewhat large factory, to know what kind of production or commercial - yes, even commercial - connection it had with another factory, as V.P. knew. Yes, he knew the factories, and only thanks to this acquaintance, one might say, there were almost no mistakes then. In addition to factories, V.P. he knew every even remotely prominent specialist, and he often knew these specialists, as they say, through and through, he even knew the intimate aspects of their lives. This acquaintance gave him the opportunity, in the presence of organized sabotage on their part, to very quickly attract the most prominent people to the work and approach their use so correctly that in the continuation of all subsequent work until his death there were no misunderstandings or omissions. V.P. got it especially hard. on the issue of saving factories from prepared conservation. But this matter was also dealt with relatively on time. By developing clear and technically well-thought-out instructions to localities (government economic councils, boards of bushes and individual factories), the factories were given instructions on what should be done to prevent dampness and rust on the machines. The result turned out to be so brilliant that even now every idle factory can be put into operation at any time. No less care, resourcefulness, knowledge and energy of V.P. showed in everything else. I remember how much time he devoted, for example, to issues such as the proper distribution of rather limited funds, raw materials and auxiliary materials. All this was in extremely limited quantities, and therefore each business executive wanted to get significantly more in reserve than he needed for the specified period. The slightest mistake in this matter inevitably led to both dissatisfaction on the part of workers (late payment of wages) and interruptions in production.

And so, in order to avoid this, to eliminate dissatisfaction, perhaps justified by the interests of individual enterprises, - V.P. He definitely demanded every layout for review and correction. And he really corrected it, so much so that there was no need to say anything against it. Great energy - I would say passion - V.P. He also contributed to finding ways to replace cotton raw materials. Experiments carried out on the cottonization of flax constantly received his support. He rejoiced at any result achieved in this area, at least somewhat, but, alas, as we know, he had to be disappointed in this matter.

Especially, I remember, either at 20 or 19, he was very happy with the results obtained from winding sewing threads, instead of bobbins (the supply of which had run out, and there was nothing to make new ones from), onto the ends of paper bobbins. With what joy and pride he then looked at the samples sent from Leningrad. Only a person who puts his whole soul, his whole self into the business could rejoice in this way.

Thanks to the victories of the Red Army, the civil war began to wane. The path to Turkestan, long awaited by the textile industry, has become clear.

Turkestan, cut off from Russia during the civil war and subjected to the defeat of the White Guard and Basmachi gangs, at that time was experiencing a period of not only the complete disappearance of cotton growing, but was also in a state of famine. The opening of the way there by the textile industry required a new colossal effort. Simultaneously with the establishment of formal business relations, it was necessary to take urgent measures to save the remaining stocks of cotton, scattered in various places and located without any protection. It was necessary to think about saving the cotton grower and cotton plantations from complete destruction, it was necessary to think about saving the almost destroyed sericulture, etc., etc. In a word, the liberation of Turkestan from the whites at the same time with the greatest satisfaction put forward the order of work thousands of the biggest and most complex issues. Of course, if the Soviet Republic had not been as materially depleted as it actually was, all issues could have been resolved much easier and simpler. But due to exhaustion, it was necessary to find ways to resolve them that would produce maximum results with minimal material outlay. It is not possible here to dwell in any detail on those complex and sometimes very zigzag maneuvers carried out in order to achieve the goal. And this goal was achieved. The remains of cotton were saved, delivered to factories and processed into manufactory, cotton growing and sericulture were largely restored, cotton growers and other workers of Turkestan were saved from starvation. Moreover, over the years, a silk reeling plant has been transferred to Turkestan and has been put into operation for several years now. A new mutual understanding of the common interests of the cotton grower, the business executive and the manufacturing industry worker has been created on the basis of Soviet relations. In all this enormous work done, the first place is again occupied by V.P. Nogin. It happened that in the midst of this work V.P. ends up in Turkestan. This trip was a difficult test for him, but he was not at a loss. Possessing a sharp, practical mind and a Marxist method of approach to resolving the problems posed by life, he quickly navigates the complexity of the issues, outlines a program of action, which leads to the results indicated above. V.P. was also not at a loss. and at the time of the transition to NEP.

Simultaneously with the transition to work on the basis of self-financing, the NEP set the industry the task of organizing the market, taking into account its capacity, and defining a new structure for organizing industry.

In place of the previous cluster associations, which, by the way, were at that time in the absurd double subordination of the State Service for National Economy and Economy of the Economy, the idea of ​​the need to trust industry was put forward. This is how modern trusts arose.

Then, with the advent of NEP, the continued existence of Glavkism became unthinkable; it was necessary to replace it with something more vital and meeting the needs of the time. The great merit of V.P. when resolving this issue, it lies both in the fact that he was one of the first business executives to put forward the idea of ​​industry syndication, and in the fact that he put this idea into practice on the basis of maintaining organizational and purely business connections between all parts of the textile industry. And it was extremely difficult to do this. The matter was complicated not only by the lack of any continuity in the issue of creating a new, i.e., syndicate form of industry unification, but also by the fact that at that time the idea of ​​splitting the textile industry by type of fiber, which had existed since 1918, was again resurrected, i.e. .e. the idea of ​​​​creating completely independent syndicates of the cotton and paper industry, linen industry, etc.

The struggle was extremely fierce, and at one time it seemed that the last idea would win. Knowledge of the textile industry, awareness of the role it plays in our national economy, and the persistence of V.P. This extremely disastrous project was not allowed to triumph. Although V.P.’s plan for organizing a textile syndicate arose simultaneously with the birth of the idea of ​​its creation, he did not immediately come to the implementation of this plan. It took several months to psychologically prepare business executives for the idea of ​​the need for a syndicate. V.P. acts extremely carefully. He creates a small department within the main board, the tasks of which are only to regulate trade transactions for the sale of products, then carry out some trade operations, and then the syndicate.

He develops the initial draft of the latter’s charter alone, but before introducing it for discussion at a wide meeting, he discusses it in a close circle of employees on the main board. Due to lack of time, I remember this project was discussed in his apartment with the very close participation of B.P. Pozerna. The author of these lines was also present. The matter was not without controversy. I don’t remember now the essence of these disagreements, but they were eliminated by a compromise on both sides. The project was accepted, and with it the practical organization of the syndicate began. Now there is hardly a person with any understanding of the matter who would dare to say that the syndicate turned out to be insolvent, and the work and efforts of V.P. in vain. This is the case of V.P. carried out so brilliantly that the textile industry and textile workers can be proud of its results.

But the thought of V.P. did not stop at finding the best organizational forms of economic organizations for the practical resolution of everyday issues and at finding ways to defend its interests when circumstances required it. She worked intensively in the direction of finding the best arrangement in the matter of production itself, in the direction of finding technical improvements and rationalization. At this time, there is especially much talk about the latter, but V.P. three years ago he put forward the idea of ​​​​the need to move to the specialization of factories, that is, to the production by each enterprise of a strictly defined range of goods that best suits its equipment...

A most disciplined party member and a most devoted worker in the construction of a proletarian state, endowed with an honest nature, he thought only about business. This explains why V.P. everyone loved him dearly, but there was no advertising around his name.

He considered it his most important duty to work and work, tirelessly and regardless of fatigue and nothing else, and fulfilled it religiously. I remember the hungry and cold years of 18 and 19. The premises of the Business Yard were not heated at all. The ink froze; there was no need to even think about tea or other comforts now available. In his office V.P. usually sat in a fur coat, and sometimes in a hat. During a conversation or meeting, he always sat in a half-bent position. In his office, when he was not interrupted by his work on the numerous commissions of which he was a member, he had to sit for 6-8 hours. Looking at him, it seemed that this was a hero sitting chained to a chair, to whom cold, hunger and fatigue were meaningless phenomena. But this was, of course, not the case. He was freezing and suffering just like everyone else. The only difference was that he always knew how to bear it within himself without pouring out this suffering.

At times, we who worked with him found it eerie to look at him, since we understood the meaning of his external calm. Sometimes, unable to resist, one or the other of the comrades during a conversation or meeting will offer a piece of bread or potatoes. He did not refuse, he usually took it, and no matter how small the piece was, he would certainly break it and after that direct it to its destination. Then, when he managed to bring something with him, which was rare at that time, he also shared with us. In general, his patience and lack of concern for himself reached infinity.

I remember a conversation with him shortly before the fateful departure to the hospital. It was already completely clear, even to those not initiated into the secrets of medicine, that his illness had taken such a form in which every day of work threatened the greatest complication. At this time, he not only began to have severe pain in his stomach, he was given food as if it were an infant (porridge, pasta and white meat almost crushed into powder). This time I decisively spoke to him about finishing his work and starting treatment, proving to him that if he himself did not want to reckon with his illness, he should do it in the name of the interests of the cause, etc. He also believed this necessary, but... but at the same time he said: “No, I’ll have to wait a week or two, because this and that is not finished, I need to finish it and then get treatment”...

If we talk about Viktor Pavlovich as an employee, we cannot ignore the following. He linked all his work (of course, here I am talking about work relating only to the textile industry) to the public opinion of its governing bodies and to party and Soviet resolutions. For example, he always said that he could not imagine working without this public or, as they later began to say, without a “united front.” The decisions of the party were binding for him and he put them into practice as only the most disciplined member of the party could. This, of course, does not mean that V.P. There was always complete unanimity with everyone in everything. No, differences of opinion within the textile family, including with the trade union, on this or that issue or event were quite significant. At times the struggle was extremely fierce, and V.P. knew how to fight for his position as persistently and stubbornly as he worked. But then, when he did not receive a majority, he knew how to subordinate himself to its decisions. This most valuable quality of his greatly contributed to the textile workers, despite attempts - and there were many of them - to split the unity that existed among them, to preserve it to this day and thereby facilitate the elimination of the devastation that is now receding into the realm of history.

Along with the ability to work as a united front with the governing bodies of the textile industry and with the trade union, V.P. at the same time, he knew how to attract respect from all employees, from top specialists to couriers inclusive. During the stay of his remains in the House of Unions, I repeatedly saw how ordinary women couriers who worked with him sat in bitter tears for whole hours in this room. Looking at them, it was felt that they had lost the person closest to them, and not their boss. This attitude of employees undoubtedly gave him the opportunity to do a lot with a pace and accuracy that is not often found in our, even the best, institutions.

V.P.’s attitude towards textile workers and all workers in general was always determined by his past, his entire life. In struggle and in back-breaking work, he proved that there was nothing more sacred to him than the liberation of the workers from all oppression of violence and poverty. But here again, V.P. was himself. He never told the numerous delegations of workers who came, especially during the period of central government, or when touring factories, what could not be accomplished. Clarity and truthfulness, no matter how unpleasant they may be, come first. The workers left him, perhaps not always satisfied, but almost always realizing that the time had not yet come for their just claims to be satisfied. Every moment when there was at least some opportunity to meet the needs of the workers, he was taken into account and met with an ardent supporter of meeting these needs.

This, in general terms, was V.P. as a person, a worker in the arena of the struggle for the liberation of the working class and the main leader of the textile industry under the Soviet system. Of course, only a part of what needs to be said about him in order to get his full image is said here. But this is beyond the power of one person. This can only be done by all those who know him and who worked with him. But even under this condition, it will take whole years to restore its meaning with sufficient completeness.

Not with words, but with general grief, the textile industry, and with it the entire proletariat, responded to his death. The textile workers, among whom he began and ended his life as a fighter and builder of a new life, will never forget the powerful image of this fighter, as if forcibly deprived of life. After his death, from all over the vast USSR and to this day, information has been received about the perpetuation of his memory in one way or another.

Only beloved leaders and heroes are treated this way. For textile workers, V.P. was a leader, among them he was the father of nationalized industry and a teacher in building a socialist economy.

Therefore, his name and image are immortal.

1 Lebedev N.I. Memories of V.P. Nogin. // Textile workers in memory of V.P. Nogina. M., 1925. P. 67-83.

At the age of 15, a worker at the Bogorodsko-Glukhovskaya textile manufactory (now JSC Glukhovskaya Textiles) in Bogorodsk, Moscow province.

In the second half of October 1898, Victor was assigned as a receptionist at the Semyannikov plant.

On December 16, 1898, 20-year-old Victor was first arrested on charges of organizing strikes and participating in an open battle between strikers and the police. For a year, until December 14, 1899, Nogin was in Shpalernaya Street while the St. Petersburg Gendarmerie Department conducted the investigation.

After his release from prison, Nogin was sent into exile under public police supervision in Poltava. There Nogin organized three Marxist groups among local workers: railway workers, tobacco factory workers and artisans. Also in Poltava, Nogin joined a group to promote the newspaper Iskra, organized by Yuliy Martov.

The police did not soon find out that the mentioned Novoselov was the worker Viktor Nogin. However, no trace of the Iskrist was found in Moscow. And Victor was there and patiently waited for the editor’s response. Finally, in mid-August 1901, Nogin received a letter from “Katya” (Nadezhda Krupskaya): “We have nothing against you and Bruskov going to St. Petersburg. St. Petersburg is very important to us, and we don’t have any of our own people there. But how is St. Petersburg for you in terms of safety? Now our own man will go to Odessa... The main thing we object to... is the organization of a mass newspaper (not literature, but a newspaper)... Delivery of literature to you will be ensured...”

Victor Nogin went to St. Petersburg. Previously, he wrote a letter to Andropov (Bruskov) in Birsk, informing his comrade about the events. Correspondence between Moscow and a remote Ural town does not pass by the gendarmes. On August 21, Zvolyansky asked the Ufa State Housing Department to find out whether the wanted Andropov was with his sister, in whose name the secret letters were sent. And already on August 26, he was arrested at the Kazan pier.

In 1906-1907, he worked hard to create trade unions in Baku and Moscow, and was elected chairman of the Central Bureau of Moscow Trade Unions. Therefore, in 1907, at the V Congress of the RSDLP, he criticized the Menshevik idea of ​​the “neutrality” of trade unions, and at the III Conference of the RSDLP (Kotke, Finland) he defended the need for closer ties between revolutionaries and the trade union and cooperative labor movement. His argument convinced many Bolsheviks, including Lenin, who later admitted this.

In August 1917, he joined the Provisional Committee for Combating Counter-Revolution “to organize resistance to the Kornilov conspirators.”

On September 17, he was elected the first Bolshevik chairman of the Moscow Council of Workers' Deputies. He held the position until November 14, when the Soviet of Workers' Deputies merged with the Council of Soldiers' Deputies into the Moscow Council of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies, which became the highest authority in Moscow.

At the All-Russian Democratic Conference held in Petrograd on September 4-22 (September 27 - October 5), 1917, he spoke in favor of the participation of the Bolsheviks in

In 1898 he became a member of the Social Democratic group "Workers' Banner" and took part in organizing the strike outside the Nevskaya Zastava. As a result, he was arrested and exiled to Poltava.

In 1900 he illegally emigrated to London.

Since 1901 - agent of the Iskra newspaper. In October he created the first department of Iskra in St. Petersburg.

In 1903, Victor Nogin became a member of the Yekaterinoslav Committee of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party (RSDLP). After the second party congress he joined the Bolsheviks.

In 1904 he was arrested and in 1905 exiled to the Kola Peninsula, from where he fled abroad.

After receiving an amnesty in connection with the signing of the manifesto on October 17 (October 30 according to the new style) 1905, Nogin returned to Russia.

He took an active part in the First Russian Revolution of 1905-1907, was a member of the RSDLP committees in St. Petersburg, Baku and Moscow.

Since 1907 - member of the Central Committee (Central Committee) of the RSDLP, since 1910 - member of the Russian Bureau of the Central Committee of the RSDLP.

In March 1911, Nogin was arrested and exiled to Verkhoyansk for four years. In exile, he began to educate himself and wrote the book “At the Pole of Cold.”

In 1914 he lived in Yakutsk for about three months, then until 1917 in Saratov and Moscow, where he was mainly engaged in literary activities.

In 1916 he became a member of the Moscow Regional Bureau of the Central Committee of the RSDLP.

In April 1917, Nogin took part in the VII All-Russian (April) Conference of the RSDLP and was elected a member of the party's Central Committee.

In June, at the First All-Russian Congress of Soviets of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies, he was elected a member of the presidium of the Central Executive Committee (CEC). After participating in the VI Congress of the RSDLP (b), he became a member of the party’s Central Committee, and then, in October, was elected the first Bolshevik chairman of the Moscow Soviet.

From November 6 to 7 (October 24 to 25, old style) 1917 - one of the leaders of the armed uprising in Petrograd (now St. Petersburg).

On November 8 (October 26, old style), at the II All-Russian Congress of Soviets, he was appointed People's Commissar of Trade and Industry in the first Council of People's Commissars (SNK). On November 17 (November 4, old style), 1917, he resigned from the Central Committee and the Council of People's Commissars.

On November 30 (November 17, old style), 1917, he was appointed regional commissar of labor in Moscow, and in April 1918, deputy people's commissar of labor of the RSFSR. In October, Nogin became a member of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the National Economy (VSNKh) and chairman of the Main Board of textile enterprises.

In 1919, he was elected chairman of the All-Russian Union of Labor Cooperation. In 1920, he was appointed deputy head of the government trade delegation for negotiations with England and other powers.

Since 1921 - Chairman of the Main Cotton Plant, member of the Turkestan Bureau of the Central Committee of the RCP (b) and the Turkestan Commission of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee.

In 1922-1924 he was chairman of the board of the All-Russian Textile Syndicate. The All-Russian Textile Syndicate joint-stock company was registered on the New York Stock Exchange in order to carry out direct purchases of American cotton.

On May 22, 1924, Viktor Nogin died and was buried on Red Square, near the Kremlin wall in Moscow.

In 1924, Varvarskaya Square in Moscow was renamed Nogin Square (in 1992 it was divided into Slavyanskaya Square and Varvarsky Gate Square).

On January 3, 1971, the Nogina Square station was opened in Moscow (November 5, 1990, renamed Kitay-Gorod).

In 1930, the city of Noginsk in the Moscow Region was named after Nogin (previously it was called Bogorodsk).

The material was prepared based on information from open sources