Beautiful brick house. Modern and beautiful brickwork

Brickwork: concept, types
Materials and tools, features
Decorative facing brick
Summarizing

Brick is actually amazing material. It has good quality and performance. Using a beautiful one, you can make the facade of your house truly unique. From how the bricks are located in the masonry, various types of patterns are formed. By connecting imagination, you can change the thickness and color of the seams, which will open up even greater expanses to create a truly unique facade.

Brick house - the most popular option for the construction of stone. So it makes a number of characteristics: the duration of operation, reliability and safety. But in order for the house to really be beautiful, you need to know how to expertly make brickwork.

Brickwork: concept, types

What is brick masonry? This is not only high-quality wall erection, but also an opportunity to show professionalism and imagination, to make an excellent texture of load-bearing structures, to create a picture. What determines the complexity of building a brick house? As a rule, answering this question, they note that it depends on the skills of the bricklayer and the type of masonry used by him. If you decide to create a fortress with your own hands, then you should thoroughly study the methods and techniques for making brickwork, choose the most suitable type of masonry in your case. And do not forget that good masonry is not possible without sufficient practical skill.

Before deciding on the type of brickwork and doing it yourself, you need to know the answers to several fundamental questions, namely:

The material used, in this case brick.

Masonry is made of bricks and bonding material. Typically, red and white bricks are used, ceramic and silicate, respectively.

There are several types, and their name varies depending on the composition (cement, mixed, lime, clay). The most popular is lime-cement.

There are several main types of brickwork:

Chain. It consists in the alternation of spoon and tych rows, with matching vertical seams of the spoon. That is, in the odd rows, the brick is laid with a spoon, in the even rows - with a poke (done in 1.5 or 1 brick).
Cross. It consists in the need for laying horizontal seams of the spoon rows in the dressing. It differs from the chain masonry in that the spoon rows are shifted relative to each other.
Dutch brickwork. Dip and spoon bricks when laying a mixed row are laid through one.
Gothic Fully made from mixed rows.
English Dressing is done in a certain size of a brick, made of one stitch and two spoon rows.
Multirow brickwork with dressing. Dressing in a certain size of a brick, alternating stitch and 4 spoon rows.
Multirow without dressing. There is no dressing of horizontal seams.

The types of masonry listed above provide structural strength and create a beautiful relief. This is achieved by combining different locations of the outer layer: protruding and angular.

Chain ligation scheme.

What is the main thing in creating a reliable design? The main thing is to distribute the load correctly. That is why masons always use bricklayings tested by time in work:

chain dressing: symmetrical closure of the lower seams;
cross ligation: asymmetric closure;
spoon dressing: asymmetric half-length closure;
multirow dressing.

Back to the table of contents

Materials and tools, features

The quality of the material is the main condition for excellent masonry. When selecting a material, more precisely, a brick, first of all, it is necessary to pay attention to the correct shape of the product, the absence of cracks and various defects on it. The edges of the brick are certainly straight. Do not forget about a well-selected, solid mortar.

Before starting work, you need to prepare the necessary tools for masonry:

Hammer Used for trimming and chopping bricks.
Trowel (trowel). A spatula, the triangular shape of which is used to collect the mixture, align.
Tool for flashing (flashing). It is used to give a seam a specific profile.
Plumb line. Used to check the verticality of the walls (200-600 gr).
Arrangement of wood. It is used to fix and lay out rows of masonry.
Chalked cord. It is used as a guideline to ensure straight lines and horizontal rows during masonry.
Roulettes, buckets, shovels, containers for the mixture.

The main stage, before starting work on laying bricks, is to fill the foundation and mark the contours of future walls. The helper will be the above-mentioned chalked cord. Recommended direction - "from left to right." As a rule, they always start working from the corner. If you prepare about the sequence of work, then the following stages are highlighted:

The first step is to spread the mortar. It is superimposed with a shovel, and is leveled with a trowel.
The next step is laying the brick. Having led to the marked mark, it is necessary to control whether the marking coincides with the upper brick.
Brick upset. After it is installed in place, the bricklayer taps on the upper part, until it coincides with the lacing.
Removing excess mixture. The solution extruded by tapping is selected with a trowel and placed on top or between joints.

Brick is a fertile material, its walls are strong and durable. But not only this is its dignity. Over the centuries, erecting buildings from brick, people have learned volumetric drawing from this magnificent material.

Decorative masonry - this is the name of this process, when walls are erected with different complicated parts in the form of original drawings and ornaments. This masonry is unusually expressive from an artistic point of view.

Draw in space

Such a pattern is created by experienced craftsmen through various combinations of bonded and spoon masonry, as well as various options for shifting the brick relative to each other.

The main types of facing brick masonry are:

gothic
dutch
silesian;
gum;
chain;
lipetsk;
track;
brandenburg
wild or chaotic;
cross
spoon (can be offset 1/2 and ¼).

In each case, the pattern of masonry is distinguished by a different combination and sequence of laying bricks with the tych and spoon method. For example, in the block and Lipetsk masonry, the spoon and button rows alternate regularly and the joints are all vertical, without shifts.

Important. For all types of masonry cladding, every 4-6 rows must be ligated masonry cladding and the massif of the wall.

Color and texture drawing

Modern industry produces bricks for finishing facades of all kinds of colors and even with the texture of wild stone on one of the spoon sides. It can be silicate products or clinker, which are burned in furnaces. The price of silicate brick is lower, but clinker brick is more durable.

The color scheme of these materials can be monophonic and monophonic. Decorative decoration of products in the form of "scratches" or "wild stone" allows you to diversify the facades of buildings.

Masonry is carried out by one of the known methods, but can be carried out in different colors. For example, stalk rows are laid out in one color, and spoon rows are laid out in another. Seams with such a lining can be made colored.

To do this, you can use ready-made color solutions or fill the seams with a special solution that is available for embroidery. Seams are also formed in different ways, it depends on the architectural requirements. They can be made concave, convex or with a cut angle.

Embossed drawing

To obtain relief masonry, part of the bricks is advanced from the main plane of the wall, while receiving volumetric patterns.

This method is often used to frame door and window openings, sandrik, belts, exterior corners, cornices, niches and other structural and decorative elements of the facade

The overhangs are laid out with ledges, increasing the overhang during the construction of each next row. The width of the overhang should not be more than 1/3 of the length of the brick.

Important. The total removal of decorative unreinforced masonry can be no more than half the wall thickness.
If you need to make the take-out more, then, without fail, you need to make reinforcement with a steel mesh.
Reinforcement parameters should be calculated in the design.

Ornament decorative brick lining usually consists of repeating geometric shapes, stylized motifs that are taken from nature or folk art can also be used.

Brick in the interior of the kitchen.

A very interesting recent trend in interior design is loft-style design. It assumes the presence of an unplastered brick wall in the interior. Such is the original chic.

But what if your house has concrete walls, and you really like this style and want to match it? You can simply apply a brick pattern that is fashionable today or buy a wallpaper with such a pattern.

A small step-by-step guide will tell you how to make brick drawings on the walls with your own hands.

We will need:

black and red paint for interior use;
art paint gray and white;
roller, brush;
masking paper tape;
level and lace.

Operating procedure:

prepare the wall for painting;
paint the entire surface of the wallwhere the brickwork will be located in black;
when the paint dries, stick masking tapedividing our wall into separate bricks;
check how the markup, everything should be smooth and tidy;
next, draw the bricks themselves, painting the gaps between the tape with red paint, and wait until the paint dries;
with white and gray paint we draw reliefs on bricks, this should be done practically dry, but saturated with paint, brushes, try to give the bricks a natural look;
remove the masking tape and touch up the paint neatly where necessary.

Summary

Brick at all times has been and remains today a favorite material for creating beautiful architectural forms, decorating facades, fences and interior interiors.

The video presented in this article will provide additional information on this topic.

After the construction of the house, each owner wants to see his home attractive. To create a beautiful exterior, the building is finished with one of the many facing materials, to which the facing brick also belongs. However, you must know that the laying of facing bricks with your own hands has its own characteristics and specifics.

Types of bricklaying

Compared with the methods of brickwork during the construction of the house, the types of cladding from this material are very diverse. Types of masonry facing bricks are classified according to different parameters. According to one of the classifications, masonry can be direct, artistic and decorative.

When using direct masonry, bricks can be tied in different ways and combinations.
Decorative cladding technology focuses on creating patterns. Drawings are created by manipulating the color of the bricks and the location of the seams. When working on laying facing elements, you must constantly monitor the correctness of the resulting pattern.
Artistic laying is carried out according to the project, previously compiled by a specialist. With this technology, different patterns of joints, the color combination of bricks and the type of laying of the facing material are regulated.

There is another way to classify masonry. By the location of the bricks in the wall, the masonry is divided into the following types: cross view, walkway, Gothic view, block view, savage, Brandenburg view.

House cladding rules

The exterior walls of the house can be finished with many materials. However, finishing the facade with facing bricks requires a significant investment of time and labor. However, the final result pays for all labor costs. Beautiful masonry cladding is not easy.

Note! When carrying out work, accuracy and accuracy are required, while it is necessary to monitor the cleanliness of the front surface.

When working, you need to remember that the task of facing is primarily in the formation of a beautiful appearance of the home.

It is good if the base protrudes beyond the plane of the walls of centimeters by 12 or more. This will facilitate the work on the device of the first row of masonry. It should be horizontally laid out and checked by level. First, masonry is done without the use of a solution. This fitting is necessary for the selection of high-quality elements and the proper laying of bricks in key places: in the corners, as well as in the openings of windows and doors. At the initial stage, you already need to determine the type of brickwork.
Since the material is facing, you need to cut it evenly. For this work, a grinder with a special disk is suitable and certainly not an ax or a hammer. A bunch of facing elements is made with cement mortar - the batch is based on cement, fine or sifted sand and water. To the mixture does not differ in color from the bricks, dye is added to it. Since the solution dries quickly, it is necessary to knead it in a small amount at one go.
In order not to stain the front side of the cladding, a template is used when applying the mortar. Thanks to him, the mixture does not reach the edge of the brick by about one and a half centimeters. So that the facing material does not “float”, the mortar for laying the facing brick must contain cement and sand in the ratio ¼, then the mixture will be more rigid.

First, the first row is laid out above the base and joints in the corners to a height of 5 bricks. Further laying is carried out on a thread stretched between the corners.
When working with a solution, the front side of the cladding is sometimes dirty, therefore, having laid several rows, the wall surface in certain places must be wiped with a wet rag.
Next, the masonry is embroidered by grouting the seams with a metal rectangular tool, while the excess mixture is removed. The processed seam should not protrude beyond the plane of the wall when properly grouted. According to the rules, vertical joints should be up to 10 mm wide, and horizontal joints up to 12 mm wide. To make the facing surface ventilated, at the very bottom, every 4 bricks, the seams are not sealed with mortar.
Bricks during masonry must necessarily be tied up - this will allow the structure to be reliable and durable.
Cladding material in the area of \u200b\u200bwindows and doors is poked. Thus a column of one brick is formed.

Snap the finishing wall to the main

The facing surface must be attached to the facade of the house. Otherwise, the outer wall may collapse over time, shift and crack. There are many ways to tie the finish layer to the main walls. For example, metal rods or plaster mesh can be used. In addition, Ø6 mm dowels can be used in combination with knitting wire.

A wire is attached to the cap of a wall plug plugged into the wall, the ends of which are led into a cement mortar. Such a binding should be organized every 4 bricks vertically.

Note! There should be a gap between the facing wall and the main one, which will contribute to thermal insulation and ventilation.

The photo shows how the laying of the facing brick looks.